Motor.



. T. P. BROOKE.

Moros. APPLICATION FILED AUGJ, I9I2.

L21 6,409, Patented Jan. 2, A1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

T. P. BROOKE.

MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. I, T912.

Patented Jan. 2,1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

T. P. BROOKE.

MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.1,192.

Patented Jan. 2, 19W. j/ 5 SHEETS-SHEET 3 Messes.' www@ Wwf ms /voRms grens cov. 'wor'.vJJwo.4 wAsmm: mN. a. c

T. P. BROOKE.

MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED Auw. 1912.

1,210,409. Patented Jan. 2,1917,

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T. P. BROOKE.

MOTOR.

APPLICATION man Aua.1.1912.

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UNTER@ @TATE PATENT THOMAS P. BROOKE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 2, ii.

Application filed August 1, 1912. Serial Nro. 712,799.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that l, THOMAS P. BROOKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at |Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in motors7 and more particularly to aeronautic motors.

lt has also reference to improvements in internal combustion motors and toY motors of the rectilinear tvpe.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved motor of this type, `whereby the gyrational effects of the rotation of the parts will be balanced and the gyroscopic forces will `be overcome.A

nother object of the inventionA is to provide an improved rotary type of motor of this class in which the force of the eX- plosion of the charge will exert an impulse on a movable piston head and a reaction yupouia .movable cylinder head, thereby utilizing the maximum power of the charge and resulting in a motor of the minimum weight cf structure and of the' highest efficiency and power having the greatest number of explosions per revolution.

A furthe; object is to provide an improved rotary motor of this class and of the four cycle ype comparatively light in structure and having means where-by an eX- plosion will be 'produced on every complete revolution of the cylinder.

A further object is to provide an improved motor of this type in which the cylinders and the piston cranks will rotate at the same rate of speed.

Other and further objects will appear from the following specification. and claims when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, exemplifying the invention and in which Figure l is a side elevation of an improved motor of this type, constructed in accordance `with the principles of this invention. Fig. 2 is a section taken'on line 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3 3, Fig. :2. Fig. f-l isa section taken on line Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a section taken on line 5 5, Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a top,

plan view of the end of one of the cylin ders. Fig. i? 'is a section on line 7 7, Fig. 8. Fig. 8 '1s a section on line 8 8, Fig. 7.

Heretofore in the manufacture of aer0- nautic motors of the rectilinear rotary type, that is, in those employing a plurality of cylinders secured together, the cylinders are made to revolve about a fixed shaft having a crank pin offset from the shaft to cause a comparative reciprocatory motion of the piston, thereby forming a iiXed abutment, so to speak, for the reaction or impact of the force of the explosion, with the result that considerable power from the explosion is lost.

In the present invention provision has been made not only to produce the greatest number 'of explosions for each' revolution of the cylinder, but to also secure the maximum power from each explosion. To this end, there is provided in the present invention a rotary` cylinder and a rotary crank for causing a relative reciprocation of the piston, with the result that the force of every explosion is exerted directly upon two moving` elements so' that there will be an impulse upon'the movable piston headA and a reaction of the force on the end of the movable cylinder, this result is accomplished partially by reason of causing the cylinder and crank shaft to which the piston is connected to rotate simultaneously in opposite directions and throughr other instrumentalities to be hereinafter described. The objectionable gyroscopic forces of the rotating parts is overcome by constructing the motor in sections disposed to rotate in opposite ydirections and the rotary motion of the respectivev sections is employed to impart rotary motion to the crank shaft of the other section and the parts are so connected that the crank shaft of each section will rotate inthe same direction as the direction of rotation of the other series of cylinders or section, but in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of their respective sections. v

In the form of the invention shown in the drawings, the two sections of the motor are designated generally by the reference characters 10, 11 in, Fig,l 2 and these sections are preferably mounted to rotate about different axes and in opposite directions and each section comprises a plurality of cylinders 12 disposed radially about the respective axes as shown more clearly in Figs. l and 2. The cylinders are preferably of the same construction and are provided with rio shoulders 13 adjacent the respective axes having inw'ardly extending flanges 14 preferably of segmental shape extending about the axis to form a substantially continuous flange. Securing flanges 15 are arranged between each pair of cylinders which areA ton rods 19 of one series of pistons are pivotally connected to a revolving crank pin l 2O on a krevolving shaft 21 while the piston rods 19 of the other series of pistons constituting the other section of the motor are connected Vwith a revolving crank pin 22 on a revolving shaft These crank shafts 21, 23 are rotatably journaled in Vsuitable bearings in a supporting member 24a (see Fig. 2)` and the shafts as well as the crank pins are offset with relation to each other, that isone is arranged above the other so that the sections of the motor ywill balance each other. Y

Motion is imparted to the various parts as follows: from the crank 22 to the shaft 23, to gear 31, then to gear 30, shaft 21, sprocket gear 24, sprocket gear 26, to crank of secticn'll of the motor and then to shaft 65. At the same time motion will be imparted from the crank pin 2O to shaft 21, then to-sprocket gear 24, sprocket gear 26,

l to crank case of motor section 11 and then to shaft 65. Motion is also imparted from the crank case of the motor section 10 to the sprocketV gear-@29, to sprocket gear 27, to shaft 23, to gear 31, to gear 30, to shaft 21, to gear 24, to gear 26, to crank case of the section'll of the motor and then to the shaft 65. The shaft also has power applied thereto directly by the rotation of the section 11 of the'motor. Thus, itwill be seen that power is applied from all of the rotating sections to the work shaft 65, that the sections 10 and 11- will rotate in the directions opposite to the directions of rotation of their respective crank shafts. Furthermore, the-force of the explosion in every cylinder will act upon two movable elements, such as the movable pistons and the respective movable cylinder heads, thus obtaining the maximum force from the explosion, while at the same time there will be produced in each cylinder of this four cycle motor, an lexplosion upon every complete revolution o'f the cylinder. To accomplish this rotation of the cylinders and cranks, there is secured to the shaft a sprocket gear 24 which is connected by aY sprocket chain 25 to a sprocket gear 26 (see Fig. 2) carried by the crank case of the series of cylinders or section 11 of the motor. A similar sprocket 27 is secured to rotate with the shaft 23 and is connected by a sprocket chain 28 with a sprocket gear 29 secured to rotate with the crank case of the series of cylinders or section 10 of the motor. A gear 30 is secured to the shaft 21 to rotate therewith, while a gear 31 is carried by the shaftV 23 and meshes with the gear 30. Thus it will be seen that with this connecting mechanism the desired result as to the direction of rotation of the parts as above described will be obtained, while the parts may be 'compactly arranged and in such a mannerthlatA T 1e access may bev readily had thereto. shaftsV 21, 23 are'hollow and one has communication with each of the crank cases and serve Vas means whereby the explosive fluid may be supplied to the cylinders through the respective crank cases from a suitable carbureter (not shown). The fluid enters the' shaft 21 through openings -32 from-a chamber 33 in the support, while the shaft 23 isprovided with openings for receiving` the fluidv from thechamber 35.

Each piston is provided with apassageway 36 connecting the explosion chamber 37 betweeneach piston and the outer end of the cylinder with aV gaseous mixture chamber within the cylinders on the inner sides of the piston. The passage ofthe gaseous mixture into the explosion chamber 37 is controlled by a valve 38 adaptedV to open outwardly when the piston moves inwardly and is provided with a stem 39 re'cipr'ocably sov mounted in a spider 40 in the passageway 36.` Spaced collars 41,v 42' are arranged onthe inner .end of the stem and a spring'43 is arranged between one of the collars and the spider to hold the valve lightly to itsy seat and is only of sufficient strength to hold the valve to its seat when the motor is not inV operation. Counterbalancing levers 44A are pivoted intermediate their ends Vas at 45 so that one end will project between the collars tion when .the piston moves inwardly to permit the entrance of a charge of fluid intothe explosion chamber 37. Each cylinder is provided with an outlet opening 46 having a removable plug 47 secured therein and which plugis provided with a valve opening48 controlled by an inwardly opening valve 49, the stem 50 of which moves through a spider 51. A spring 52 holds the valve to its seat when the Vmotor is dead. An upright 53 is supported by the cylinder and a lever 54 is pivoted intermediate its ends as at 55 and is pivotally connected as at 56 with the end of thel valve stem, while an operating rod 57 is pivotally connected with the other end of the lever 54. rlhis rod passes through a suitable bearing 58 (see Figs. 7 and 8) into the crank case and is provided with means, such as an anti-friction roller 59 by means of which it may be shifted by the valve operating means to be hereinafter described.

The motor lis supported in any suitable manner, such as by means of .a frame embodying side members 60, G1 (see Fig. 2). The member 60 is provided with a bearing 62 for receiving the stub shaft 63 of the crank case of one section of the motor, while the member 61 is provided with a` bearing for the shaft 65 connected to the other section of the motor and which shaft 65 constitutes the work shaft or to which the propeller may be connected. A thrust bearing 66 is also provided between the member 6l and the adjacent face of the crank case. The crank pin 22 is provided with an arm 67 having a wrist pin 68 which latter is journaled in a suitable bearing 69 for steadying the crank pin, while the crank pin Q0 is also provided with an arm 70 having a wrist pin 7l journaled in a bearing 72.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 2, 7 and 8, the rods 57 are radially disposed along the respective cylinders and'terminate just inside of the crank cases and adjacent an annular cam member 73 provided at intervals with camv lugs 74, preferably threey in number, while there are employed seven cylinders in each section of the motor. This cam ring, one of which is provided for each section of the motor, is supported by a series of pinion gears 75, 76, which mesh with teeth 77 around the inner face of the cam ring. rlhe gears 76 are preferably idlers while the gears operate to drive or rotate the cam ring from the respective crank shafts through a gear 77 secured to the crank shaft for rotation therewith. rThis gear 77 meshes with two gears 78 secured respectively to the gears 75 for rotation therewith so that when thev cylinders and crank shaftsare rotated, the cam ring 73 will also travel or be rotated. The gears and cam ring are preferably arranged on the inside of the crank case to protect them from dirt andgrit and at the same time permit them to have a constant lubrication from the oil laden gases, although they may be arranged in any convenient place, and while only one section is described, it is to be understood that both sections are similarly constructed. The driving gears 77 and 78 together with the pinions` 75 are so proportioncd that the cam ring will travel at a vgreater rate of speed than the speed of rotation of the cylinders and in thesaine direction as the direction of the cylinders as indicated by the arrows in Fig.l 7", but it is to be understood that whatever thegear ratio may be,.it` shouldin all instances be such that one of the cam lugs 74 will engage the end of one of the rods 57 of each cylinder once during every complete revolution of the cylinderand preferably every time Vthe cylinders reach apredetermined point 1n their travel, when the engine 1s a four cycle engine, as in the present exemplication of the invention. The gear ratio is also such as to make the cam lug remain in engagement with the end of the rods a suficient length of time to permit the waste gases to fully exhaust.

For the sake of illustration and assuming the parts to be in the position shown in Fig. 7, the cylinder marked A is being relieved of the exploded charge andthe cam lugs 74 are so arranged and the ratio of the gears is such that one of the cam lugs will next operate upon the valve rod 57 of the cylinder B,'then of the cylinder C, then of cylinder D, then of cylinder E, then of cylinder F, and then finally of cylinder G, and each cylinder will be exhausted as the cam acts upon the respective valve rods 57, and the complete action just described above takes place during one complete revolution of the motor section.

YWith this improved arrangement of parts, it will be manifest that there is not only provided a motor of the four cycle type, but that there will be an explosion in each cylinder for every complete revolution of the cylinder. Taking Fig. 7 for illustration, it will be seen that the cylinder A is exhausting. During the first quarter of revolution of the cylinder, the gases will be eX- panding, while during the second quarter they will exhaust. rThe suction of a charge takes place during the third quarter of the revolution, while during the fourth quarter, the gases are being compressed and exploded, thereby producing a motor'whereby the maximum number of explosions may be had while there will be one explosion in each cylinder for every revolution of the cylinder, thereby resulting in high eiiiciency as the greatest amount of power is obtained from each explosion. rlie latter being accomplished by reason of the fact that the impact is simultaneous upon the moving piston head and moving cylinder head with the vresult that there is what might be termed a double expansion in each of the cylinders. This is also rendered possible by reason of the fact that the cylinders and cranks rotate in opposite directions and-simultaneously. Furthermore, the motor is evenly balanced by offsetting the sections with respect to each other and with relation to the hori- Zontal plane and the gyroscopic force is iio Athis art, Aand which magneto is operated by gears 81, 82 from the shaft 21.

l/Vith this improved construction, there will bel seven explosions to every complete revolution of each section of the motor and fourteen complete explosions to every revolution of the entire motor and the power strokes will overlap in such a manner as to produce a substantially continuous torque on the work shaft. Another feature of advantage is the fact that the valve operating mechanism is entirely housed, where it is out of the way of dirt and grit.

What is claimed as new is:

1. VA motor comprising two sections of cylinders and pistons, one of the sections rotating in opposition to the other section, and provisions whereby the rotation of one of the said sections will actuate the pistons of the opposite section.

2. A motor comprising two sections of cylinders and pistons, one of the sections rotating in opposition to the other section, and provisions whereby the rotation of one of the said sections will actuate the pistons of the opposite section in opposition to the respective section but in the same direction as the actuating` section.

8. A motor comprising two sections of cylinders and pistons, one of the sections rotating in opposition to the other section, and piston actuating means operating in opposition to the movement of the respective cylinders and pistons, the piston actuating means of each section being responsive in its action to the operation of the other section of cylinders.

4. A motor comprising two sections of cylinders rotatable in opposite directions and about different axes, each of said sections operating to counterbalance the gyrational effects of the other section.

5. A motor comprising two sections of cylinders having actuating pistons and rotatable in opposite directions and about dif` ferent axes, said sections being operatively connected, and means for introducing an explosive mixture directly into each section.-

6. A motor comprising two sections of cylinders rotatable in opposite directions and about different axes, said sections being operatively connected whereby one section will co-unterbalance the gyrational eii'ects of the other section, a piston movable( in each cylinder, a rotatable crank for each section and a connection between each of the cranks and the pistons of the respective sections, said cranks rotating in directions opposite to the direction of rotation of their respective cylinders. i

7. A motor comprising a rotatable section embodying a plurality of cylinders, vpistons reciprocable in the cylinders, a rotatable crank connected with the pistons, said crank rotating in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the cylinders, and

means rotating about a different axis and operatively connected with the rotatable section for counterbalancing the gyrational effects of the said section.

S. In a four cycle motor of the type described, the combination of two sets of cylinders rotatable in opposite directions, a piston reciprocable in each of the cylinders, and means for causing four strokes between each piston and the respective cylinders upon each complete revolution of the respective cylinders, whereby an explosion will be caused in each cylinder upon every .complete rotation of each cylinder, said sets of cylinders rotating about different axes.

9. In a four cycle motor of the type described, the combination of two sets of cylinders rotatable in opposite directions, a piston reciprocable in each of the cylinders, and means for causing four strokes between each piston and the respective cylinders upon each complete revolution of the respective cylinders, whereby an explosion,

will be caused in each cylinder upon every complete rotation of each cylinder, said sets of cylinders rotating about dierent axes offset with respect to each other.

10. The combination of two sets of cylinders rotatable in opposite directions, a piston reciprocable in each cylinder, a crank for each set of cylinders, and a connection between the cranks and the pistons of the respective sets of cylinders, said cranks rotating in the opposite direction Jfrom the respective sets of cylinders, each of the cranks being rotatably connected with the other set of cylinders.

1l. The combination of two sets of cylinders rotatable in opposite directions, a piston reciprocable in each cylinder, a crank for each set of cylinders, and a connection between the cranks and the pistons of the respective sets of cylinders, said cranks rotating in the opposite direction from the respective sets of cylinders, each of the cranks being rotatably connected with and for rotation in the same direction as the said other set of cylinders.

12. The combination of two sets of cylinders rotatable in opposite directions, a piston reciprocable in each cylinder, a crank for each set of cylinders, and a connection between the cranks and the pistons of the respective sets of cylinders, said cranks rotat- 'ing in the opposite direction from the respective sets of cylinders, each crank being rotatably connected with the other set vof cylinders, and each of the sets of cylinders and their crank being offset with respect to the other set of cylinders and crank.

13. The combination of two'sets of cylinders rotatable in opposite directions, ay piston reciprocable in each cylinder, a crank for each set of cylinders, and a connection y cylinders, and each of the sets of cylinders THOMAS P. BROOKE.

and their crank being offset with respect to Witnesses: the other set of cylinders and crank, Where- OHANNING L. SENTZ, by the axes of rotation of the sets of cylin- R. BAUERLE.

between the cranks andthe pistons of the reder and cranks will be in different hori- 10 spective Sets of cylinders, said cranks rotatzontal planes.

ing` in the opposite direction from the re- In testimony whereof I have signed. my spective sets of cylinders, each crank being name to this specification this 30th day of rotatably connected with the other set of July, 1912, in the presence of two Witnesses.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

